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It is unclear whether Lincolnshire bagpipes refer to a specific type of pipes native to Lincolnshire, England, or to the popularity of a more general form of pipes in the region. Written records of bagpipes being associated with Lincolnshire date back to 1407,〔Bishop John Bales: Parker Society, XXXVI, p102〕 but it is difficult to find certain proof that any ''regional'' variation of the bagpipe existed which was peculiar to Lincolnshire. Despite the lack of evidence for a uniquely local instrument, it is clear that the bagpipe was enjoyed by the people of Lincolnshire.〔Thomas Fuller, D.D. ''The history of the worthies of England, Volume 2'' (Edited by his son John and published in 1662, after Thomas Fuller's death). (Vol. 2, Pg. 267 )〕 By the modern era the bagpipe had largely fallen out of use in Lincolnshire and a 1901 commentator noted that it had become defunct by 1850.〔W. L. Manson. (''The Highland bagpipe; its history, literature, and music, with some account of the traditions, superstitions, and anecdotes relating to the instrument and its tunes'' ) . 1901.〕 By 1881, later researchers had identified that the 19th century farmer, John Hunsley, had played the bagpipes "up to a short time before his death, which took place twenty or thirty years ago (i.e. between 1851 and 1861)."〔Lincolnshire Notes and Queries () 1881〕 John Hunsley lived in Manton, near Kirton-in-Lindsey. In 1984 John Addison, a pipemaker in South Somercotes began his research to try to establish whether a uniquely local "Lincolnshire bagpipe" existed,〔John Addison: ''The Lincolnshire Bagpipe'' in A Prospect of Lincolnshire, by Naomi Field and Andrew White (Published by Field & White, 1984), pp 127 - 129. ISBN 0-9509821-0-5. ISBN 978-0-9509821-0-6.〕 and in 1989, he finished making a set of bagpipes based on the limited sources he found.〔〔(''Lincolnshire bagpipes? 'Scottish' instrument a piece of county's history'' ). Sunday Telegraph, 1 January 2010〕 ==Description== In 1407 we find possibly the earliest reference to bagpipes in Lincolnshire: "It is right well that Pilgrims have with them both singers and pipers."〔 Bales added a note in the margin: "Well spoken, my Lord, for the Lincolnshire Bagpipes".〔 Michael Drayton (1563-1631) writes in Polyolbion: "Bean belly, Leicestershire her attribute doth bear. And Bells and Bagpipes next, belong to Lincolnshire."〔Michael Drayton: The Complete Works of Michael Drayton Esq., vol 3, Poly-Olbion (1612), (Song the 23rd: "Blazons of the Shires" ).〕 Sometime prior to 1662, Thomas Fuller had written: "I behold these as most ancient, because a very simple sort of music, being little more than an oaten pipe improved with a bag, wherein the imprisoned wind pleadeth melodiously for the enlargement thereof. It is incredible with what agility it inspireth the heavy heels of the country clowns, overgrown with hair and rudeness, probably the ground-work of the poetical fiction of dancing satyrs. This bagpipe, in the judgement of the rural Midas's, carrieth away the credit from the harp or Appollo himself; and most persons approve the blunt bagpipe above the edge-tool instruments of drums and trumpets in our civil dissensions."〔 Several commentators note the enthusiasm of Lincolnshire people for the bagpipes. The 1817 ''A Complete collection of English proverbs'', predating the believed extinction of the pipes, notes of the "Lincolnshire bagpipes" that they are so named because, "Whether because the people here do more delight in the bagpipes than others, or whether they are more cunning in playing upon them; indeed the former of these will infer the latter."〔John Ray. ''A Complete collection of English proverbs: also the most celebrated proverbs of the Scotch, Italian, French, Spanish, and other languages. : The whole methodically digested and illustrated with annotations and proper explications''. Printed for T. and J. Allman, 1817. (Pg. 168 )〕 The pipes were often noted in period literature as a simile for unpleasant noise, and an 1875 commentator noted that in his time the term "Lincolnshire bagpipes" was a local colloquialism for the croaking of frogs.〔William White. ''Notes and Queries, Volume 52''. Oxford University Press, 1875. (Pg. 368 )〕 A 1933 publication also describes them as "a particularly clumsy instrument emitting a doleful and monotonous sound."〔Oscar George Theodore Sonneck. (''The Musical quarterly, Volume 19'' ). G. Schirmer., 1933〕 A description from 1885 refers to bagpipes, extant in Lincolnshire, as having only one drone,〔John Ogilvie, editor Charles Annandale. ''The Imperial Dictionary of the English Language: a complete encyclopedic lexicon, literary, scientific, and technological''. Blackie & Son, 1882. (Pg. 203 )〕 and Addison's interpretation maintains this attribute. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lincolnshire bagpipes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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